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|Section2= |Section3= }} Quisqualic acid is an agonist of the AMPA, kainate, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors, and one of the most potent AMPA receptor agonists known.〔Jin R, Horning M, Mayer ML, Gouaux E. Mechanism of activation and selectivity in a ligand-gated ion channel: structural and functional studies of GluR2 and quisqualate. ''Biochemistry''. 2002 Dec 31;41(52):15635-43. PMID 12501192〕〔Kuang D, Hampson DR. Ion dependence of ligand binding to metabotropic glutamate receptors. ''Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications''. 2006 Jun 23;345(1):1-6. PMID 16674916〕〔Zhang W, Robert A, Vogensen SB, Howe JR. The relationship between agonist potency and AMPA receptor kinetics. ''Biophysical Journal''. 2006 Aug 15;91(4):1336-46. PMID 16731549〕 It causes excitotoxicity and is used in neuroscience to selectively destroy neurons in the brain or spinal cord.〔Muir JL, Page KJ, Sirinathsinghji DJ, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ. Excitotoxic lesions of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons: effects on learning, memory and attention. ''Behavioural Brain Research''. 1993 Nov 30;57(2):123-31. PMID 7509608〕〔Giovannelli L, Casamenti F, Pepeu G. C-fos expression in the rat nucleus basalis upon excitotoxic lesion with quisqualic acid: a study in adult and aged animals. ''Journal of Neural Transmission''. 1998;105(8-9):935-48. PMID 9869327〕〔Lee JW, Furmanski O, Castellanos DA, Daniels LA, Hama AT, Sagen J. Prolonged nociceptive responses to hind paw formalin injection in rats with a spinal cord injury. ''Neuroscience Letters''. 2008 Jul 11;439(2):212-5. PMID 18524486〕 Quisqualic acid occurs naturally in the seeds of ''Quisqualis'' species.() 20D = +17 (6M HCl) Research conducted by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, has demonstrated quisqualic acid is also present within the flower petals of zonal geranium (''Pelargonium x hortorum'') and is responsible for causing rigid paralysis of the Japanese beetle.〔(Geraniums and Begonias: New Research on Old Garden Favorites ) (the March 2010 issue of ''Agricultural Research'' magazine.)〕〔Ranger, C.M., Winter, R. E., Singh, A. P., Reding, M. E., Frantz, J. M., Locke, J. C., and Krause, C. R. 2011. Rare excitatory amino acid from flowers of zonal geranium responsible for paralyzing the Japanese beetle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/12/29/1013497108.full.pdf+html〕 Quisqualic acid is thought to mimic L-glutamic acid, which is a neurotransmitter in the insect neuromuscular junction and mammalian central nervous system.〔Usherwood, P. N. R. 1994. Insect glutamate receptors. Advances in Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 24: 309-341.〕 ==See also== * Quisqualamine * Non-proteinogenic amino acids 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「quisqualic acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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